Brick-kiln



(No: Model.) G 3 Sheets-Sheet 1; y

,W. L. GREGG.

- R-10K KILN;

No. 393,641. Patented N'0v.v2.7, 1888.

WITNESSES I N. PEI'ERS. Pimbuuwmphcr. Washington. DJ;

UNITED STATES I PATENT GFFICE.

\VILLTAM LAMPAS GREGG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,641, dated November 27, 1888.

Application filed March 23, 1688. Serial No.2f8j20. (No model.)

.To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM LAMPAS GREGG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented eertain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns; andI do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to downdraft brickkilns; and it consists of the arrangements of furnaces, walls, fines, open floors, and dampers, as hereinafter described and claimed.

The objects of my improvements are to simplify the construction of this class of kilns,and to increase their efficiency in the matters'of drafts and a thorough and uniform burning of the brick, and reduce the time ordinarily employed in burning.

My improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section on line 1 1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a plan partly in section; Fig. 3, alongitudinal section on line 2 2 of Fig. 2, looking toward the side walls of the compartments.

Referring to the drawings, A A A A rep resent separate compartments in a kiln, all of which are provided with perforated brick floors B. The floors are supported on crosswalls b, which in turn are supported on a solid brick, cement, or concrete pavement, 13", thus forming flues 13 between the open floor and the pavement, which fines lead into chambers F, hereinafter described.

O are furnaces, which may be coal-burning furnaces, as shown, or hydrocarbon-furnaces, so that crude oil as well as coal can be used in firing the kiln. I prefer to construct the kilns of such length that a series of these furnaces may be built in the side of each compartment to heat the same.

D represents a bridge-wall'in each compartment, over which the heat and products of combustion pass from the furnaces; but each furnace has its separate fine I).

E is a central stack built on the walls of the compartments and not extending from the ground. The compartments from end to end are built together with asolid partition-wall,0,between them and with no connection from one to the other; but from side to side the arrangement is different. The longitudinal center of the kiln is provided with a central wall, F, which to about one-half the height of the kiln is vertical and then slants from both ends up to the stack. The vertical portion of the wall Fserves to form spaces or chambers F between it and the side wall of each compartment, up through which chambers the currents of heat are carried from the compartment toward the stack, as hereinafter explained. At the point where the central wall, F, begins to taper double diagonal flues G are formed, one for each of the spaces F, extending with the wall from both ways toward the stack, the said wall forming the partition and inner walls of the lines, and the side walls of the compartments the outer walls of the flues. These diagonal fines G communicate with the chambers F and lead up into a small chamber, H, directly at the base of the stack.

I designates dampers between the dues G and the chamber H, for controlling the flow of heat into the stack from the top of the compartments.

K represents flues leading from near the top of one compartment to another and controlled by dampers K. The construct-ion is such that one compartment filled with brick may be burned while another is being filled.

The operation is as follows: Aeompartment, say A, being filled, the fires are started in the furnaces and the heat ascends the furnace'fiues over the bridge-wall D to the top of the compartment. The upper dampers, K, being closed, the heat is drawn down, as indicated by arrows, through the brick, through the open floor into the fines B, thence into the chamber F, up the chamber into the diagonal flue G,and thence into and out of the stack. Apowerful draft being produced by this construction,the

I downward flow of heat enveloping the bricks on every side,auniforni,efficient,and speedy burning of the same will be effected. \Vhen a com partment of bricks is burned, the heat can be drawn off at the top of the compartment through flues K for a preliminary drying of the bricks in the adjoining compartment.

L are peep'holes constructed in the compartments to observe the progress of the operation.

A test float or gage such as is shown and described in my patent, No. 159,091, may also be employed to indicate with accuracy the settling or shrinkage of the brick.

Vhat I claim is- 1. In a kiln, the compartment for holding the material to be operated provided with one or more heating-furnaces built in the side thereof, a bridge-wall within the compartment,

and a perforated brick lloor, in combination 7 with a solid brick, cement, or concrete pavement below said floor, iiues between said [loor and said pavement leading into an adjoining chamber, a wall outside of the compartment forming one side of said chamber, a slanting flue above and connecting with said chamber, and a stack above said fine and communicating with the latter, whereby the furnace heat is directed to the top of the compartment over said bridge-wall down through said open floor into the flues beneath said floor, out of the compartment into the adjoining chamber and the upper flue and stack, substantially as described.

2. In a kiln, two or more compartments, in combination with a separate wall between the compartment forming a chamber on each side ofsaid wall and between it and the wall of the compartment, with lines connecting said conr partmeuts with said chambers, a central stack, and lines connecting the upper portion of said chambers with said stack, substantially as described.

3. Ina kiln, the combination of the compartments each provided with furnaces, inner bridgewalls, and perforated floors, flues connecting the upper parts of the compartments with each other, dampers controlling, said flues, a central stack built upon the walls of the kiln, and independent chambers and flucs between said compartments leading separately to said stack, with bottom flues leading to said chambers, substantially as described.

21. In a brick-kiln composed ofseparate compartmenls, and a central stack built on said compartments, the double diagonal flues G, chambers or spaces between the compartments with which said diagonal flues communicate, and bottom fines leading into said chambers or spaces, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM LAMPAS GREGG.

Vitnesscs:

H. K. P. CONNOLLY, W. F. HAYWARD. 

